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Macedonian–Roman Wars (216–172 BC) - events| 216 BC–205 BC | Greece, Rome, Illyria | King Philip V of Macedon, resenting Rome's interference in Illyria, seizes his opportunity and invades Illyria, starting the First Macedonian War. The war continues in a somewhat desultory fashion for 11 years. | | 205 BC | Greece, Rome | King Philip V of Macedon, who made an alliance with Carthage in 215 BC, expecting the Carthaginian general Hannibal to rapidly conquer Rome so that he could regain control of the Roman protectorate in western Greece, makes a temporary peace with Rome at Phoenice, ending the First Macedonian War. Rome retains most of its protectorate. | | 200 BC | Rome, Greece | Following appeals from the Aetolian League and many other Greek city-states, especially Rhodes and Pergamum, the Romans declare war on King Philip V of Macedon – the Second Macedonian War begins. Rome is concerned about the changes in the balance of power among the Hellenistic kingdoms to the east that are currently occurring. Athens immediately joins Rome. | | 198 BC | Greece, Rome | The Roman consul T Quinctius Flamininus crosses to Macedon with an army and pushes King Philip V of Macedon's forces to disaster in the Vale of Tempe. Abortive peace negotiations take place. The Greek cities of Boeotia, Sparta, and the Aetolian League come over to Rome. | | 197 BC | Rome, Greece | The Roman consul T Quinctius Flamininus defeats the Macedonians at Cynoscephalae in Thessaly and dictates peace terms. The Second Macedonian War is over. | | 171 BC–167 BC | Greece, Rome | Rome declares war on King Perseus of Macedon, who is vehemently anti-Roman, and the Third Macedonian War begins. The Romans initially suffer several defeats due to bad leadership. The Greek kingdom of Epirus joins Macedon, but the Greek leagues hold back. | | 168 BC | Illyria, Rome | During the Third Macedonian War, King Perseus of Macedon gains the support of Genthius, the Illyrian king who reigns in Scodra. The Roman consul Aemilius Paullus takes charge of the Roman forces fighting Perseus in Thessaly. He defeats Perseus at the Battle of Pydna, and later captures him to adorn his subsequent triumphal parade in Rome. The Roman praetor L Anicius Gallus campaigns against Genthius in Illyria, defeating him and taking the city of Scodra. The Third Illyrian War is over in less than a month; by the post-war settlement, towns loyal to Rome are granted freedom from taxation and the rest pay to Rome about half the previous royal tax. Rome then withdraws from the area. |
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