Makhno, Nestor Ivanovich (1889–1935)

Ukrainian Anarchist leader. He commanded a peasant army during the Civil War, then allied himself with the Red Army in 1919–20. A new conflict soon broke out between the Soviets and Makhno's force and he was defeated. He then emigrated.

He was imprisoned for terrorism in 1907 but released after the February revolution of 1917. His peasant army attracted many who were against both the Red and the White sides in the Civil War. Makhno's methods were violent and often led to pogroms, despite his condemnation of anti-Semitism.