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Mantinea

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Mantinea

Ancient city in Arcadia, southern Greece, founded about 500 BC by the merging of five villages. It was the scene of an important victory by Sparta over the Argives in 418 BC, of the victory of the Theban general Epaminondas over the Spartans in 362 BC, and of the Spartan defeat by the Achaean League under Philopoemen in 207 BC.

The city walls were demolished and the city was broken up into its constituent villages by the Spartans after the Peace of Antalcidas in 387 BC, but it was restored after the Spartan defeat at Leuctra in 371 BC. As a result of Mantinea's treachery to the Achaean League in 223 BC, Aratus of Sicyon killed its leading citizens, sold the rest into slavery and renamed the city ‘Antigonea’ in honour of the Macedonian king Antigonus Doson. The original name was restored by the emperor Hadrian in AD 133.



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So Herodotus recounts that when the people of Cyrene asked the oracle of Delphi to help them in their dissensions, the oracle told them to go to Mantinea, and the Mantineans lent them Demonax, who acted as a "setter straight" and drew up a new constitution for Cyrene.
A Treatise on Government by Aristotle View in context
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