| 13 March 1261 | Nicaean Empire, Genoa [treaties] | By the Treaty of Nymphaeum, the Genoese undertake to assist the Nicaean emperor Michael VIII Palaeologus to recover the city of Constantinople from the Latin Empire in return for trading concessions hitherto enjoyed by the Venetians. |
| 13 March 1781 | England [astronomy] | German-born English astronomer William Herschel discovers the planet Uranus. |
| 13 March 1793 | France [French Revolution] | French royalists revolt in the Vendée, west France, against the revolutionary government. |
| 13 March 1871 | Russian Empire, Europe [treaties] | The London Conference between the great powers of Europe revokes the Black Sea clauses of the Treaty of Paris of 1856 and gives Russia the freedom to deploy its forces in the Black Sea (following Russia's independent repudiation of these clauses in October 1870). |
| 13 March 1881 | Russian Empire [political events] | Following the assassination of Tsar Alexander II of Russia by terrorists, he is succeeded by Alexander III. |
| 13 March 1881 | Russia [births and deaths] | Alexander II, tsar of Russia 1855–81 who was responsible for emancipating the Russian serfs, is assassinated in St Petersburg, Russia, after calling an assembly of Russian nobles (62). |
| 13 March 1906 | [births and deaths] | Susan B(rownell) Anthony, US suffragette whose work eventually led to women's suffrage in the USA (1920), dies in Rochester, New York (85). |
| 13 March 1912 | Bulgaria, Serbia [treaties] | Bulgaria and Serbia sign a treaty of alliance in preparation for a war with the Ottoman Empire. |
| 13–17 March 1920 | Germany [revolution] | The ‘Kapp Putsch’ takes place in Germany, the government fleeing when US-born German journalist Wolfgang Kapp and his right wing military supporters seize Berlin, Germany. However, a general strike prevents the conspirators from establishing their authority. |
| 13 March 1932 | Germany [elections] | In the German presidential election, the conservative former field marshal Paul von Hindenburg receives 18.6 million votes (49.6%) against the Nazi leader Adolf Hitler's 11.3 million (30.1%), falling just short of the necessary absolute majority. |
| 13 March 1938 | Austria, Germany [political events] | Austria is declared part of the German Reich, after the cancellation of a proposed referendum on unity with Germany (Anschluss or ‘Annexation’). |
| 13 March 1979 | Europe [business and economics] | The European Monetary System (EMS) becomes operational. |
