| 19 March 1148 | Seljuk Sultanate of Rum, Principality of Antioch [Crusades (1095–1272)] | The Second Crusade, one army consisting mostly Frankish and German nobles, much reduced as a result of defeats by the Seljuk Turks of Rum while crossing Anatolia, reaches Antioch. |
| 19 March 1227 | Italy [administration] | Ugolino dei Conti is elected Pope Gregory IX. |
| 19 March 1452 | Holy Roman Empire [administration] | Pope Nicholas V crowns the Habsburg Frederick III as Holy Roman Emperor in Rome, Italy. Frederick will be the last emperor to be thus crowned. |
| 19 March 1563 | France, England [French Wars of Religion (1562–80)] | The captive Louis I de Bourbon, Protestant Prince of Condé, agrees to the Pacification of Amboise ending the First War of Religion in France; the Huguenots (French Protestants) are permitted to exercise their religion in one town in each Baillage or Sénéchaussée, excepting Paris, and in noble households. Anne, Duke of Montmorency, is released by the Pacification and leads the forces that expel English troops from Le Havre. |
| 19 March 1808 | Spain [administration] | Charles IV of Spain abdicates in favour of his son, Ferdinand, being too closely associated with the francophile policy of his ousted chief minister, Manuel de Godoy. |
| 19 March 1813 | Scotland, Africa [births and deaths] | David Livingstone, Scottish missionary and explorer who explores much of East Africa in search of the source of the Nile, born in Blantyre, Lancashire, Scotland (–1873). |
| 19 March 1860 | USA [births and deaths] | William Jennings Bryan, US lawyer, three-time Democratic presidential candidate, and prosecuting attorney in the Scopes trial against Tennessee schoolteacher John T Scopes for teaching Darwinism, born in Salem, Illinois (–1925). |
| 19 March 1970 | East Germany, West Germany [diplomacy] | The first meeting of East and West German heads of government takes place at Erfurt, East Germany. On 21 May, East German leader Willi Stoph and West German leader Willy Brandt meet again at Kassel, West Germany. |
| 19 March 1982 | UK, South Africa [sports] | Fifteen England cricketers led by Graham Gooch are banned from Test cricket for three years for participating in a cricket tour of South Africa, breaking an international ban on sporting links with that country because of its policy of apartheid. |
| 19 March 1987 | USA [sex and sexuality] | The popular TV evangelist Rev Jim Bakker admits to an extramarital sexual escapade, beginning the decline of his successful ministry. |
| 19 March 1992 | UK [everyday life] | The British royal family announces the separation of the Duke and Duchess of York, who were married in 1986. |
| 19 March 1998 | India [elections] | Atal Behari Vajpayee, Nationalist BJP party leader, is elected prime minister of India. He calls for national ‘reconciliation and accord’, but also threatens that India might install and deploy nuclear weapons. |
