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Matera| Capital of Matera province in Basilicata region, southern Italy, built above a steep ravine 65 km/40 mi east of Potenza; population (1991) 53,800. There are small-scale industries in the engineering, foodstuffs, building material, and furniture sectors; tourism is increasingly important. There is a 13th-century archiepiscopal cathedral. |
| The old town includes two neighbourhoods, Sasso Barisano and Sasso Caveoso, where many dwellings (sassi, some still occupied) are hewn out of the rock, as are the numerous churches in Matera and its surrounding area. |
| The poet Tommaso Stigliani (1573–1651), the musician Egidio Duri (1708–1775), the palaeoethnologist Domenico Ridola (1841–1932), and the literary critic Giuseppe de Robertis (1888–1963) were born here. |
Matera| Province of southern Italy in eastern Basilicata region; capital Matera; area 3,446 sq km/1,331 sq mi; population (2000 est) 206,200. |
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