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Madurai| City in Tamil Nadu, southeast India, on the River Vaigai; population (2001) 922,900. Industries include cotton textiles and brassware manufacturing. It was capital of the Pandya dynasty from the 5th to the 11th century BC. The city is a centre of Dravidian culture. |
| It is the site of the 16th–17th-century Hindu temple of Meenakshi, an outstanding example of Vijayanagar temple architecture, with colonnades and nine gopuras (gate towers) covered with elaborate carvings. |
| Madurai became part of the Vijayanagar empire in the 14th century, was ruled by the Nayaka dynasty from 1565, and taken by the British East India Company in 1801. |
| Madurai University was founded in 1966 |
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