National Bolshevism

Post-1917 Russian political trend whose adherents, without being communist, held that the Bolsheviks were the only party capable of providing effective government in Russia and of defending Russian national interests.

In the 1920s National Bolshevism found its expression in the Change of Landmarks movement both in Russia and among Russian émigrés. Later it became a major element in Stalinism and was particularly strong during World War II. Among leading representatives of National Bolshevism were General Aleksei Brusilov, the writer A N Tolstoy, and the historian B D Grekov.