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Nkrumah, Kwame |
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Nkrumah, Kwame (1909-1972)Ghanaian nationalist politician, prime minister of the Gold Coast (Ghana's former name) 1952-57 and of newly independent Ghana 1957-60. He became Ghana's first president in 1960 but was overthrown in a coup in 1966. His policy of ‘African socialism’ led to links with the communist bloc. Originally a teacher, he studied later in both the UK and the USA, and on returning to Africa formed the Convention People's Party (CPP) in 1949 with the aim of immediate self-government. He was imprisoned in 1950 for inciting illegal strikes, but was released the same year. As president he established an authoritarian regime and made Ghana a one-party (CPP) state in 1964. He then dropped his stance of non-alignment and drew closer to the USSR and other communist countries. Deposed from the presidency while on a visit to Beijing (Peking) in 1966, he remained in exile in Guinea, where he was made a co-head of state until his death, but was posthumously ‘rehabilitated’ in 1973. |
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