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21 November| 21 November 1694 | France [births and deaths] | Voltaire (original name François-Marie Arouet), celebrated French philosopher and writer, whose major works include Candide (1758) and the Dictionnaire philosophique/Philosophical Dictionary (1764), born in Paris, France (–1778). | | 21 November 1695 | England [births and deaths] | Henry Purcell, English baroque composer, dies in London, England (36). | | 21 November 1783 | France [technology] | Using a hot-air balloon made by Joseph and Etienne Montgolfier, Jean F Pilâtre de Rozier and the Marquis d'Arlandes make the first human flight, in Paris, France. | | 21 November 1931 | USA [communications] | The American Telephone and Telegraph Company (AT&T) introduces the first telex service. | | 21 November 1945–13 March 1946 | USA [unions and associations] | United Auto Workers at the General Motors plant in Detroit strike for 113 days before gaining better wages and benefits; the strike is the first sign of post-war labor trouble. | | 21 November 1974 | USA [legislation] | The US Congress passes the Freedom of Information Act over President Gerald Ford's veto. It prohibits the government from denying access to documents without good cause and requires federal agencies to supply documents without delay. | | 21 November 1980 | USA [television] | Dallas breaks existing television rating records when more than half the population of the USA watches the episode Who Shot JR?. | | 21 November 1989 | UK [television] | The proceedings of the House of Commons are broadcast live on television in Britain for the first time, beginning with the debate on the Queen's Speech. | | 21 November 2007 | [football] | England fails to qualify for the 2008 European Championship football finals as the team loses 3–2 to Croatia at home at Wembley in their last group game. Northern Ireland also goes out of the competition, losing 1–0 in Spain. |
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