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Ottoman–Russian Wars (1686–1739) - events| 26 January 1699 | Austria, Holy Roman Empire, Ottoman Empire, Venice, Italy, Poland, Habsburg Monarchy | The Peace of Carlowitz is signed by Austria, Russia, Poland, and Venice with the Ottoman Empire. By its terms, all of the Holy Roman Emperor Leopold I's conquests during the war, including Hungary, Transylvania, Croatia, and Slavonia, are confirmed. Poland gains Podolia and the Ukraine. Venice gains the Morea. Russia retains its conquest of Azov, but only consents to a two-year armistice. | | 30 November 1710 | Ottoman Empire, Russia, Sweden | The Ottoman Empire declares war on Russia at the instigation of King Charles XII of Sweden, Sultan Ahmed III's guest and new-found ally, who has recently been defeated by Tsar Peter I the Great at the battle of Poltava. | | 12 August 1711 | Russia, Ottoman Empire, Sweden | The Russian Tsar Peter I the Great, surrounded by a much larger Ottoman army on the River Prut in Moldavia, makes peace with the Ottoman Empire. The Black Sea fortress of Azov and fortress and harbour of Taganrog are to be returned to Ottoman control. Russia is to withdraw from the Black Sea and to demolish its forts on the lower River Dnieper. Russian troops are also to evacuate Poland, and King Charles XII, a guest of Sultan Ahmed III following his defeat at the battle of Poltava, is granted free passage home to Sweden. | | 27 July 1713 | Ottoman Empire, Russia, Sweden | The Peace of Adrianople is agreed between the Ottoman Empire and Russia, ending the hostilities largely instigated by King Charles XII of Sweden. The terms of the Treaty of Prut (1711) are repeated, with changes connected with Charles XII's interests. Tsar Peter I the Great agrees to guarantee the independence of Poland and not to hinder Charles's return to Sweden. The independence of the Cossacks is also recognized (thus forming a buffer of neutral territory between the Ottoman Empire and Russia). Ultimately, however, the Peace of Adrianople makes it impossible for Charles to remain in the Ottoman Empire. |
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