Pendleton

Seat of Umatilla County, northeastern Oregon, USA, on the Umatilla River, 35 km/22 mi south of the Washington line; population (1990) 15,100. It is a long-established commercial and distribution hub for a livestock raising and wheat growing region, with lumber and woollen mills. Other industries include food processing, flour milling, canning, and leatherworking. The Pendleton Round-Up, an annual four-day rodeo held since 1910; and the Pendleton Underground, a subterranean network of tunnels used during Prohibition, are popular visitor attractions.

The Umatilla Indian Reservation lies 10 km/6 mi east of the town, and McKay Creek National Wildlife Refuge is situated 5 km/3 mi to the south. Founded in 1869, Pendleton was originally a major halt on the Oregon Trail for pioneers moving to the west.

Pendleton

Town in Anderson County, northwestern South Carolina, USA, in the Piedmont, 23 km/14 mi northwest of Anderson; population (1990) 3,300. Textiles and cottonseed oil are produced. Pendleton, the oldest settlement in the area, is a thriving tourist centre. The 2,558-ha/6,316-ac Pendleton Historic District, which comprises the whole town and portions of Anderson, Oconee, and Pickens counties, contains a myriad of historic sites and buildings, including the Woodburn and Ashtabula plantations.

The town was founded in 1777 on land ceded by the Cherokee to South Carolina, known as the Pendleton District. In the early 19th century the region was affluent, with many summer retreats as well as flourishing industries, including iron and carriagemaking.