Penang

State in western Peninsular Malaysia, formed of Penang Island, Province Wellesley, and the Dindings on the mainland, total area 1,030 sq km/398 sq mi; population (2000 est) 1,225,500. The capital is George Town. The island and the mainland are linked by the 8.4 km/5.2 mi-long Penang Bridge (1985). Rubber, produced on large-scale plantations, is the leading crop of the state, but rice, coffee, spices, and coconuts are also produced. George Town has a large, sheltered harbour and is the leading seaport of Malaysia. During the late 20th century Penang Island, served by an international airport at Bayan Lepas, became the chief tourist resort of Malaysia, with the largest development of beach hotels at Batu Feringgi on the north coast.

Penang Island was bought by Britain from the ruler of Kedah in 1785; Province Wellesley was acquired in 1800.