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Robert (I) the Bruce

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Robert (I) the Bruce (1274-1329)

King of Scots from 1306, successful guerrilla fighter, and grandson of Robert de Bruce. In 1307 he displayed his tactical skill in the Battle of Loudun Hill against the English under Edward I, and defeated the English again under Edward II at Bannockburn in 1314. In 1328 the Treaty of Northampton recognized Scotland's independence and Robert the Bruce as king.

Large English expeditions in 1322 and 1327 were beaten by Robert's ‘scorched earth’ policy (the destruction of villages and crops as the English army advanced), apparently his deathbed advice on how best to conduct warfare.



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