| 7 September 1134 | Aragon, Navarre, Castile, León, Spain [administration] | King Alfonso I of Aragon and Navarre dies. He is succeeded in Aragon by his brother, Ramiro II, while Navarre recovers its independence under García IV Ramirez, and Alfonso VII of Castile and León takes possession of Zaragoza. |
| 7 September 1159 | Papal States, Italy [administration] | Rolando Bandinelli is elected Pope Alexander III by a majority of the cardinals, but a party favouring the interests of the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa elects Cardinal Octavian as Pope Victor IV; neither is able to control Rome. |
| 7 September 1285 | France, Aragon, Spain [wars] | King Philip III of France takes the town of Gerona in Aragon. He now withdraws from his ‘crusade’ against King Pedro III of Aragon as his army is ravaged by disease. |
| 7 September 1514 | Persia, Ottoman Empire, Azerbaijan, Safavid Empire [wars] | The Ottoman sultan Selim I takes and enters Tabriz in Azerbaijan, the erstwhile capital of the Safavid Persian shah Ismail I. |
| 7 September 1533 | England [births and deaths] | Queen Elizabeth I, Queen of England 1558–1603, daughter of Henry VIII, whose reign saw growth in England's political and economic power, as well as major achievements in the arts, born in Greenwich, near London, England (–1603). |
| 7 September 1556 | Holy Roman Empire [political events] | The Holy Roman Emperor Charles V abdicates from the imperial throne in favour of his brother Archduke Ferdinand I of Austria, King of the Romans (the German king), Bohemia, and part of Hungary. |
| 7 September 1764 | Poland [political events] | Stanislas Augustus Poniatowski, the protégé of Russia and former lover of Catherine the Great, is elected king of Poland. |
| 7 September 1812 | Russian Empire, France [Napoleonic Wars (1803–15)] | The Russian army, now under the command of Marshal Mikhail Ilarionovich Kutuzov are defeated by the French Grande Armée at the Battle of Borodino, and are obliged to retreat and abandon the Russian capital, Moscow. Emperor Napoleon I makes a significant mistake in failing to mobilize his reserves and destroy the retreating army. |
| 7 September 1848 | Austrian Empire [legislation] | The feudal practice of serfdom, by which peasants are tied to the land and controlled by their landlords to whom they owe dues of service, is abolished in Austria. |
| 7 September 1860 | Naples [political events] | The Italian soldier and patriot Giuseppe Garibaldi and his followers enter Naples as part of their attempt to unify Italy, forcing King Francis II of Naples to flee. |
| 7 September 1872 | Germany, Russian Empire, Austria-Hungary [political events] | A meeting of the three emperors Wilhelm, Alexander, and Franz Josef in Berlin, Germany, leads to a tacit entente between Germany, Russia, and Austria-Hungary to uphold authoritarian rule in Europe. |
| 7 September 1901 | China [revolution] | The Peace of Beijing formally ends the Boxer Rising in China. Under the agreement, China is to pay an indemnity to the European powers, lower tariffs on imports, and accept a strengthening of European protection of its representatives and interests. |
| 7 September 1920 | USA [everyday life] | The first ‘Miss America’ beauty competition is held in Atlantic City, New Jersey; the winner is Miss Margaret Gorman. |
| 7 September 1968 | USA [women's rights] | About 200 female activists demonstrate against the Miss America pageant in Atlantic City, New Jersey. |
| 7 September 1972 | South Korea, South Vietnam [Vietnam War (1954–75)] | South Korea withdraws its remaining 37,000 troops from South Vietnam. |
| 7 September 1992 | UK [media and communication] | A radio station dedicated to playing classical music, Classic FM, is launched in Britain. It is the first national commercial radio station based on the mainland. |
