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Shumen| Industrial city in Varna region, eastern Bulgaria, 80 km/50 mi west of Varna; population (1990) 126,300. Industries include metal and leather goods, beer, wine, and food processing. The Tombul Mosque built 1744 is the largest in Bulgaria. Founded in the 10th century on the site of a Roman fort, Shumen was a fortress town successively under Bulgarian, Byzantine, Turkish, and Russian rule. |
| The ruins of Pliska, capital of the First Bulgarian Empire, lie 13 km/8 mi northwest of the town. The city is a transport hub for tourists. A gigantic monument was built 1981 on Ilchov Gair hill to commemorate 13 centuries of Bulgarian history. |
| The city's name was Kolarovgrad 1950–65. |
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