Terra, Gabriel (1873–1942)

Uruguayan politician and president 1931–38. His administration during a period of severe economic decline spurred him to lead a coup in 1933 (supported by Blanco leader, Luis Alberto de Herrera), that suspended congress and abolished the constitution. A new constitution in 1934 restored presidential power and authority to Terra, and the nation was governed dictatorially 1934–38. A revolt in 1935 was suppressed. Terra during the remainder of his term of office continued with the programme – initiated by his predecessor, Batlle – of socializing the republic.

Early in his career, Terra served as an Asociación Nacional Republicana (ANR; Colorado Party) member under President Batlle y Ordóñez, and occupied several diplomatic and political positions. The death of Batlle in 1929 enabled Terra to advance his career by running for the presidency in 1930. He was succeeded by General Alfredo Baldomir.