Tohono O'odham Indian Reservation

American Indian reservation in the Sonoran Desert, southern Arizona, USA; area 11,330 sq km/4,375 sq mi; population (1990) 8,700. A smaller separate unit surrounds the Mission San Xavier del Bac near Tucson. Its headquarters is Sells; population (1990) 2,800. The second-largest US reservation, after that of the Navajo, it is the long-time homeland of the Tohono O'odham, ‘desert people who come from earth’, who were formerly called the Papago (Spanish ‘bean people’). Maize, wheat, beans, cotton, and livestock are produced, as well as exquisite basketwork. Kitt Peak, site of the Kitt Peak National Observatory, is situated within the reservation in the Quinlan Mountains.