Tweeddale, John Hay, 2nd Earl and 1st Marquess of Tweeddale (1626–1697)

Scottish soldier and Lord High Chancellor of Scotland 1692–96. During the English Civil War he repeatedly switched allegiance between the Royalist cause and the Parliamentarians, but survived to serve both in Oliver Cromwell's Commonwealth Parliaments and during the Restoration.

Tweeddale fought for the King in 1640, for Parliament at Marston Moor in 1644, and four years later was again on the side of the Royalists at the battle of Preston. When Charles II was restored to the throne, he was appointed president of the Scottish Council in 1663. However, he was dismissed in the following year for dealing too leniently with the Presbyterian dissenters, the Covenanters. He returned to sit again in the Council from the early 1670s.