Weber, Max (1864-1920)

German sociologist, one of the founders of modern sociology. He emphasized cultural and political factors as key influences on economic development and individual behaviour.

Weber argued for a scientific and value-free approach to research, yet highlighted the importance of meaning and consciousness in understanding social action. His ideas continue to stimulate thought on social stratification, power, organizations, law, and religion.

Key works include The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism 1902, Economy and Society 1922, The Methodology of the Social Sciences 1949, and The Sociology of Religion 1920.