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accelerometer

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accelerometer

Apparatus, either mechanical or electromechanical, for measuring acceleration or deceleration - that is, the rate of increase or decrease in the velocity of a moving object.

The mechanical types have a spring-supported mass with a damper system, with indication of acceleration on a scale on which a light beam is reflected from a mirror on the mass. The electromechanical types use (1) a slide wire, (2) a strain gauge, (3) variable inductance, or (4) a piezoelectric or similar device that produces electrically measurable effects of acceleration.

Accelerometers are used to measure the efficiency of the braking systems on road and rail vehicles; those used in aircraft and spacecraft can determine accelerations in several directions simultaneously. There are also accelerometers for detecting vibrations in machinery.
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