Among specific topics are cannulation techniques for cardiopulmonary bypass, minimally invasive cardiac surgical coronary artery bypass grafting, repairing the myxomatous degenerated mitral valve, thoracic endovascular aortic repair for descending thoracic aortic and aortic arch aneurysms, pulsatile and axial ventricular support, and heart-lung transplantation.

Improvements in surgical techniques and systemic perfusion strategies have reduced the mortality and morbidity for patients undergoing aortic arch replacement.

Thrombi of the aortic arch are infrequent causes of systemic