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behaviourism |
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behaviourismSchool of psychology originating in the USA, of which the leading exponent was John B Watson. Behaviourists maintain that all human activity can ultimately be explained in terms of conditioned reactions or reflexes and habits formed in consequence. Leading behaviourists include Ivan Pavlov and B F Skinner.
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| Although all the variability in human behavior cannot be explained, behavioristic theory is perhaps the cornerstone of this science. By the way, in the '40s, when Claude Shannon--the computer scientist who invented binary code--was in search of pictorial means for representing cybernetic processes, he had recourse to this behavioristic experimental model. Third, as with much of the research grounded in a behavioristic perspective, the specific characteristics of the stimulus, or even the context in which the stimulus occurred, were viewed as somewhat arbitrary. |
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