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cloaca |
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cloacaThe common posterior chamber of most vertebrates into which the digestive, urinary, and reproductive tracts all enter; a cloaca is found in most reptiles, birds, and amphibians; many fishes; and, to a reduced degree, marsupial mammals. Placental mammals, however, have a separate digestive opening (the anus) and urinogenital opening. The cloaca forms a chamber in which products can be stored before being voided from the body via a muscular opening, the cloacal aperture. How to thank TFD for its existence? Tell a friend about us, add a link to this page, add the site to iGoogle, or visit webmaster's page for free fun content. |
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Of the 26 patients, 13 had concomitant bacterial infections; these pathogens included K pneumoniae (n = 3), Staphylococcus aureus (3), Citrobacter freundii (3), Staphylococcus epidermidis (3), Proteus mirabilis (2), Enterobacter cloacae (2), anaerobic gram-positive rods (1), Serratia liquefasciens (1), and Klebsiella oxytoca (1). Higher concentrations of virus exist in the trachea of infected birds rather than in the cloacae (20), but tracheal sampling was not performed in this survey because it was not acceptable to local farmers. Cloacae were embedded in paraffin, sectioned at 10 [micro]m, stained by the Mallory method, and observed under a Zeiss Axioskop microscope (Atto Instruments, Thornwood, NY), interfaced with a Macintosh computer (Apple Computer, Inc. |
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