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colonies and mandate - events| 12 July 1856 | Natal, UK | Natal, formerly part of the British Cape Colony in southern Africa, is established as a separate British crown colony with an elected assembly. | | 2 August 1858 | Canada, UK | British Columbia in Canada is organized as a British colony following the discovery of gold there. | | 1 April 1867 | Southeast Asia | The rule of the British East India Company in the Straits Settlements province (comprising Singapore, Malacca, Penang, Cocos Islands, Christmas Island, and Labuan) ends as it becomes a British crown colony, its residents having become unhappy at government from India. | | 15 March 1874 | France, Annam | France assumes a protectorate over Annam (part of modern Vietnam), which breaks off its vassalage to China. | | 25 October 1874 | UK, Pacific | Britain annexes the Fiji islands in the southwest Pacific Ocean. | | 15 March 1903 | Nigeria, United Kingdom | British forces under Colonel Morland complete the conquest of northern Nigeria by taking the key Nigerian town of Sokoto from the emir of Kano. | | 20 August 1908 | Belgium | King Leopold II of Belgium transfers the Congo to Belgium, having previously exploited it through a private company. | | 6 October 1908 | Austria-Hungary, Bosnia-Herzegovina | Austria annexes Bosnia and Herzegovina from the Ottoman Empire, by decree. | | 22 August 1910 | Japan, Korea | Japan formally annexes Korea, having already secured political and military control of the Chinese fiefdom. | | 12 November 1915 | Pacific, United Kingdom | Britain annexes the Gilbert and Ellice Islands (modern Tuvalu and Kiribati) in the Pacific Ocean, converting the protectorate into a colony. | | 23 July 1920 | Kenya, United Kingdom | Britain annexes its East African Protectorate as Kenya Colony (a crown colony). | | 20–24 July 1922 | Togoland, Cameroon, France, Tanganyika, Palestine, UK | The Council of the League of Nations approves mandates for the former German colonies of Togoland (now Togo) and the Cameroons to France and Britain, and Tanganyika (now Tanzania) and Palestine to Britain. | | 1 May 1925 | Cyprus, UK | Cyprus is declared a British crown colony (having been occupied in 1914). | | 3 October 1932 | UK, Iraq | Britain terminates its mandate over Iraq, and it is admitted to the League of Nations as an independent state. | | 1 April 1950 | Italian Somaliland, British Somaliland, UK, Italy | Italian Somaliland, occupied by British troops from 1941 to 1949, becomes a United Nations (UN) trust territory under Italian administration, but most of modern Somalia (British Somaliland) continues as a British protectorate until 1960. | | 19 April 1971 | Sierra Leone | Sierra Leone becomes a republic within the Commonwealth. |
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