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dictionaries and encyclopedias - events| 622 | Spain | Isidore, the scholarly bishop of Seville, compiles his Originum sive etymologiarum/Etymologies, an encyclopedia of the arts and sciences, which also founds the study of etymology – the origin of words. Despite its unreliability, it remains influential throughout the Middle Ages. | | 945 | Syria | The historian Al-Mas`udi, known as ‘the Herodotus of the Arabs’, settles in Damascus after years of travel. Among his many works, the most important to survive is Muruj al-Dhahab wa-M`adin al Jawhar/Meadows of Gold and Mines of Gems, a historico-geographical encyclopedia. | | 1723 | England | Chambers' Cyclopedia, one of the first encyclopedias and the result of many years work by the English encyclopedist Ephraim Chambers, is published. | | 1764 | France | The French writer and satirist Voltaire publishes his Dictionnaire philosophique/Philosophical Dictionary. | | 1768 | England | The Encyclopaedia Britannica, the oldest English language encyclopaedia, begins publication, in weekly numbers. The first edition will be published in 1771. | | 1777 | France | The bulk of the text of the first edition of the French Encyclopédie/Encyclopedia, largely the creation of the French philosopher Denis Diderot, is completed. Publication began in 1751. The entire work (with illustrations and index) is completed in 1780. |
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