earthwork - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about earthwork Printer Friendly
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earthwork

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earthwork

In archaeology, any artificial bank or mound of earth with or without a ditch. Examples include barrows or burial mounds, henge monuments (circular banks with ditches), earthen circles, cursus banks, dykes, hill forts, ancient settlement sites, primitive cultivation systems, trackways, castle mounds or mottes, and medieval homestead moats.

The causewayed enclosures of Wessex (early Neolithic or New Stone Age) may have needed 100,000 hours of labour; that is, an estimated 250 people working together for six weeks. Estimates for Silbury Hill (late Neolithic) suggest 18 million hours of work. How this was organized is pure supposition.



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? Mentioned in ? References in classic literature
 
One Sunday when Joe, greatly enjoying his pipe, had so plumed himself on being "most awful dull," that I had given him up for the day, I lay on the earthwork for some time with my chin on my hand, descrying traces of Miss Havisham and Estella all over the prospect, in the sky and in the water, until at last I resolved to mention a thought concerning them that had been much in my head.
She heard the shrill whistle of alarm, the beaten drum; she saw the spade exchanged for the rifle, and the long line of toilers disappear behind the natural earthwork which their labours had created.
Several battalions of soldiers, in their shirt sleeves despite the cold wind, swarmed in these earthworks like a host of white ants; spadefuls of red clay were continually being thrown up from behind the bank by unseen hands.
 
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