environmental impact assessment

In the UK, a process by which the potential environmental impacts of human activities, such as the construction of a power station, dam, or major housing development, are evaluated. The results of an EIA are published and discussed by different levels of government, non-governmental organizations, and the general public before a decision is made on whether or not the project can proceed.

Some developments, notably those relating to national defence, are exempt from EIA. Increasingly studies include the impact not only on the physical environment, but also the socio-economic environment, such as the labour market and housing supply.