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fermata
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fermata

Prolonging a note or rest beyond its normal length. For very short pauses a square sign was invented by Vincent d'Indy, but this device never found general acceptance. In da capo arias the fermata sign over the final chord of the first section indicates where the aria is to end after the repeat. In a chorale, or a chorale prelude, it indicates the end of a line.



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On the other hand, the very common practice of changing meters in Greek folk music is daringly employed to delineate sections, establish hypermeters or introduce phrase-length irregularities, such as contractions or written-in fermatas.
Bach's fermatas and the symmetrical variation groupings they produce, have profound implications with respect to tempo relationships, as well as the amount of pause and ritardandos taken between each variation.
Based on a hexachord, presented at the top of the score, "Jack Rabbit," from Youth's Companion by Ross Lee Finney, poses several challenges for the late-intermediate pianist, including exposed dissonances, angular phrases and unexpected rests and fermatas that depict the jackrabbit leaping and hovering on the North Dakota prairie.
 
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