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religious freedom - events| 163 BC | Palestine, Syria, Seleucid Kingdom | On the news of King Antiochus IV of Syria's death, the Syrian general in Judaea offers the Jews full religious freedom if they will lay down their arms. Even though the Chasidim consent, Judas Maccabaeus, the leader of the revolt against Syrian rule, holds out for full political as well as religious freedom. | | 303 | Roman Empire | The most severe period of Roman persecution of the Christians begins. | | November 1478 | Castile, Spain, Italy | Pope Sixtus IV provides Cardinal Rodrigo Borgia (the future Pope Alexander VI) with a bull ratifying the Spanish Inquisition, which was established under the control of King Ferdinand V and Queen Isabella I at Seville, Castile, in the previous year. | | 1481 | Spain, Castile | The first Auto da fé/Act of Faith, the pronouncement and enactment of sentences (including burning) on victims of the Spanish Inquisition, is carried out in Seville, Castile. Approximately 300 conversos (Jewish converts to Christianity) are burnt in the first year. | | January–April 1482 | Castile, Spain, Papal States, Italy | Reports of the excesses of the Spanish Inquisition lead Pope Sixtus IV to rescind his bull of 1478, which authorized it. He later reinstates it when he needs King Ferdinand V and Queen Isabella I as allies in Italy. | | 1528 | Mexico, New Spain | The Inquisition claims its first victims in the New World when two Jews (one of them a companion of the conquistador Hernán Cortés) are burnt at the stake in Mexico. | | 24 November 1564 | Papal States | The Index librorum prohibitorum/Index of Prohibited Books of the Roman Catholic Church is published after receiving papal approval. It was first issued in 1559. | | 1679 | India, Mogul Empire | A period of intense persecution of Hindus in India is ushered in when the Mogul Emperor Aurangzeb re-imposes a poll tax on non-Muslims. Subsequently, he tries to oust all non-Muslims from central and local government and destroys many Hindu places of worship. He also launches a jihad (holy war) against the Maratha kingdom. | | 5 October 1793 | France | The revolutionary government in France abolishes Christianity. | | 6 June 1846 | USA | Mormon Church leader Brigham Young, who replaced the murdered Joseph Smith, leads his followers out of Nauvoo, Illinois, to escape persecution. They set out for the Great Salt Lake in Utah in what becomes known as the Mormon migration. | | 24 July 1847 | USA | The Mormon leader Brigham Young leads a group of Mormons to what is now Salt Lake City, Utah, where they establish their headquarters. |
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