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hardness

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hardness

The resistance of a material to indentation by various means, such as scratching, abrasion, wear, and drilling. Methods of heat treatment can increase the hardness of metals. A scale of hardness was devised by German–Austrian mineralogist Friedrich Mohs in the 1800s, based upon the hardness of certain minerals from soft talc (Mohs hardness 1) to diamond (10), the hardest of all materials.

Hardness is often measured by the Brinell hardness test. The hardness of water refers to the presence of dissolved minerals that prevent soap lathering and form scum, particularly compounds of calcium and magnesium. Treatment with a water softener may remove or neutralize them.



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? Mentioned in ? References in classic literature
 
"That," replied the Anarchist, who was not without a certain hardness of head, "that is none of your business; I am not bound to be consistent.
Fantastic-Fables by Bierce, Ambrose View in context
Her manner towards me had been altered ever since I had begun to treat her with hardness and indifference: she almost cringed to me on every occasion; she consulted my countenance incessantly, and beset me with innumerable little officious attentions.
The Professor by Bronte, Charlotte View in context
The blended Tahitian and English blood showed in his soft eyes and tawny skin; but the English hardness seemed to have disappeared.
Adventure by London, Jack View in context
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