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vaccine |
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vaccineAny preparation of modified pathogens (viruses or bacteria) that is introduced into the body, usually either orally or by a hypodermic syringe, to induce the specific antibody reaction that produces immunity against a particular disease. In 1796 Edward Jenner was the first to inoculate a child successfully with cowpox virus to produce immunity to smallpox. His method, the application of an infective agent to an abraded skin surface, is still used in smallpox inoculation. |
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| Through agreements with the World Health Organization and UNICEF, Hepavax is available in 60 countries, making it the most widely used hepatitis B vaccine in the world. In 1991, the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) recommended that all infants receive their first dose of the hepatitis B vaccine before being discharged from the hospital, even though the only newborns at risk are those born to mothers already infected with hepatitis B. For persons who also require hepatitis B vaccination, a combined hepatitis A- hepatitis B vaccine (Twinrix) provides a convenient three-dose method of vaccination. |
hepatitis B vaccine
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