hierarchy of needs

Theory that needs can be classified in a hierarchy, from basic, physical needs, through social needs, to psychological needs. The theory was created by US behavioural psychologist Abraham Maslow.

Maslow's hierarchy is represented in graphical form by a pyramid with five levels, each representing a different set of needs. At the base of the pyramid are physical needs, such as eating, drinking, and sleeping. Above these is the safety need, the need to be safe. Next come social needs, such as relationships, love, and human interaction. Above social needs are esteem needs, the desire for respect from others and self-respect. At the peak of the pyramid is self-actualization, or self-fulfilment through action and achievement. Maslow believed that people strived for self-actualization without ever achieving it.