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59| c. 400 BC–AD c. 250 | Central America [everyday life] | The Late Formative (or pre-Classic) period of Mayan culture takes place in Mexico. By 400 BC, large structures have been built at several sites in the tropical lowland jungle. In the highlands, people begin to put up large clay platforms, some the basis for temples and others for elite houses, flanking open plazas. | | c. 200 BC–AD c. 200 | South America [religion] | During this period the Nazca Lines are drawn in the desert along the south coast of Peru. These are enormous stylized outlines of animals, including a monkey, whale, spider, and hummingbird, and sets of parallel lines, some as long as 20 km/12 mi. They are believed to be a development of Chavín de Huantar art; they may have had religious significance, or they may have been connected with astronomy. | | c. 50–c. 78 | India, Kushan Empire [political events] | Kadphises II becomes king of the Kushans. In the west, he siezes the modern Punjab area from the Sakas, and in the east the Kushans occupy the area of Magadha as far as the city of Benares. | | 58–60 | Roman Empire, Parthia, Armenia [wars] | The Roman general Gnaeus Domitius Corbulo drives the Parthians out of Armenia, burning the Armenian capital Artaxata and establishing the former Cappadocian prince Tigranes as Rome's client ruler. | | 59 | Roman Empire [musical instruments] | The Roman emperor Nero boasts of his skill on the lyre – probably quite genuine – a clear indication that by now the Romans have overcome their earlier rugged disapproval of Greek music and dancing. |
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