27) Instead, Sennett and Cobb suggest that, within working-class cultures characterised by the absence or near-absence of legitimating institutions and autonomous political traditions (classically, in the modern epoch, a national trade union movement and/or a working-class political party), the internalisation of subordination by working people represents a key element within the domination exercised by ruling elites.

Physical punishment of children is associated with aggression and antisocial behaviour, poorer cognitive development, mental health issues, less moral internalisation and diminished child-parent relationships.

Although there is academic agreement on the foci of female competition, women's concern with relative attractiveness might result from the internalisation of patriarchal values or from mate competition.