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kalam

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kalam

Islamic scholastic theology. Kalam was founded by al-Ashari (873-935), whose Ashariyya School was the dominant school of scholastic theology.

Kalam has always been of secondary importance to Shari'a (law), and currently the Ashari kalam is seen by traditional Muslim scholars as a departure from Islamic theology, which is textually based. Moses is described as kalim Allah ‘the speaker to God’, because he spoke directly to God.


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These were the Aristotelian-Avicennan theory of form and matter (surah wa maddah = hylomorphism) of the great majority of the falasifah, (1) and the kalam theory of atoms and accidents (jawahir wa a'rad = atomism) of the great majority of the Mu'tazilite and Ash'arite-Maturidite mutakallimun.
Abdul Kalam, to pardon her husband, and his decision is awaited.
Confronted by Dubey's stark challenge, the President of India, Abdul Kalam, responded: 'When such a sacrifice takes place, we have to change.
 
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