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vaccine |
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vaccineAny preparation of modified pathogens (viruses or bacteria) that is introduced into the body, usually either orally or by a hypodermic syringe, to induce the specific antibody reaction that produces immunity against a particular disease. In 1796 Edward Jenner was the first to inoculate a child successfully with cowpox virus to produce immunity to smallpox. His method, the application of an infective agent to an abraded skin surface, is still used in smallpox inoculation. |
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| Interest in a potential attenuated live vaccine has been stimulated by the finding that targeted disruption of the Blastomyces dermatitidis gene, which encodes the surface adhesin BAD-l, renders the mutant avirulent. The MMR vaccine, added to the vaccine schedule in 1979, is a live vaccine and does not contain a preservative. Of the 9,000 doses of live vaccine shipped to the Los Angeles County Health Department, fewer than 100 public health workers have volunteered to be immunized - and just 10 employees at Santa Clarita's only hospital. |
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live vaccine