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73| c. 400 BC–AD c. 250 | Central America [everyday life] | The Late Formative (or pre-Classic) period of Mayan culture takes place in Mexico. By 400 BC, large structures have been built at several sites in the tropical lowland jungle. In the highlands, people begin to put up large clay platforms, some the basis for temples and others for elite houses, flanking open plazas. | | c. 200 BC–AD c. 200 | South America [religion] | During this period the Nazca Lines are drawn in the desert along the south coast of Peru. These are enormous stylized outlines of animals, including a monkey, whale, spider, and hummingbird, and sets of parallel lines, some as long as 20 km/12 mi. They are believed to be a development of Chavín de Huantar art; they may have had religious significance, or they may have been connected with astronomy. | | c. 50–c. 78 | India, Kushan Empire [political events] | Kadphises II becomes king of the Kushans. In the west, he siezes the modern Punjab area from the Sakas, and in the east the Kushans occupy the area of Magadha as far as the city of Benares. | | 73 | Roman Empire, Jordan [Judaism] | The Romans destroy the community at Qumran near the Dead Sea. The inhabitants leave behind the Dead Sea Scrolls hidden in nearby caves. The inhabitants of Qumran are either the Essenes or a similar ascetic sect. This Roman destruction, at about the same time as the destruction of Masada, sees the end of all the Jewish ascetic sects that had flourished since the time of the Maccabees in the 2nd century BC. | | 15 April 73 | Palestine-Roman [revolution] | Herod the Great's fortress of Masada in Judea, Palestine, occupied by Jewish extremists, is taken by the Romans under Flavius Silva after a two-year siege. |
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