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Explorer  The US satellite Explorer was designed and built by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) of the California Institute of Technology, under the guidance of US electrical engineer William Pickering. It was 1.54 m/60.75 in in length and 15 cm/6 in in diameter. | Series of US scientific satellites. Explorer 1, launched on 31 January 1958, was the first US satellite in orbit and discovered the Van Allen radiation belts around the Earth. Explorer 42 in 1970 was the first satellite to study X-rays from space, and Explorer 48 in 1972 was the first to study gamma rays from space. Explorer 83 was the Swift gamma-ray astronomy spacecraft, launched in November 2004. |
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