order

In biological classification, a group of related families. For example, the horse, rhinoceros, and tapir families are grouped in the order Perissodactyla, the odd-toed ungulates, because they all have either one or three toes on each foot. The names of orders are not shown in italic (unlike genus and species names) and by convention they have the ending ‘-formes’ in birds and fish; ‘-a’ in mammals, amphibians, reptiles, and other animals; and ‘-ales’ in fungi and plants. Related orders are grouped together in a class.

order

The Arch of Titus, in the Forum in Rome was built in AD 82 and is the first example of a Composite order. Relief sculptures on the arch depict the sacking of Jerusalem by the Romans led by Titus in AD 70.

The Parthenon in Athens is a temple to the goddess Athena. It is built entirely of marble, and is a fine example of Doric architecture, in which the orders or columns do not have a base. The architects used the mathematical principal of the golden section to give it proportions pleasing to the eye.

The five orders of column in classical architecture: Doric, Ionic, Corinthian, Tuscan, and Composite. The Doric is the earliest, being used before the 5th century BC, and the Composite is the latest, appearing in AD 82.

In classical architecture, the column (including capital, shaft, and base) and the entablature, considered as an architectural whole. The five orders are Doric, Ionic, Corinthian, Tuscan, and Composite.

The earliest order was the Doric (without a base), which originated before the 5th century BC, soon followed by the Ionic (with scroll-like capitals), which was first found in Asia Minor. The Corinthian (with leaves in the capitals) dates from the end of the 5th century BC, while the Composite appears first on the arch of Titus in Rome AD 82. No Tuscan columns survive from antiquity, although the order was thought to originate in Etruscan times. The five orders were described in detail by the Italian Sebastiano Serlio in his treatise on architecture 1537–51.

order

Pattern of behaviour by the members of a society that is conducive to stability and coexistence. Normally associated with some system of rules, as implied by the phrase ‘law and order’. Like justice, it has been one of the major concerns of political analysis, but in practice order and justice may sometimes be conflicting goals.

order

To arrange with regard to size or quantity or other quality, for example alphabetical order. Putting a set of things in order is the same as mapping them on to the set of natural numbers. An infinite set can sometimes be mapped in this way in which case it is said to be countable.