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schism

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schism

Formal split over a doctrinal difference between religious believers, as in the final schism between the Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox churches in 1054; the Great Schism (1378-1417) in the Roman Catholic Church; the separation of the Old Catholics who rejected the doctrine of papal infallibility in 1879; and the schism over the use of the Latin Tridentine mass in 1988.

The first major split in the Christian church developed with the breaking up of the Roman Empire into Eastern and Western parts from AD 395. Argument developed between the pope, the head of the church in Rome, and the patriarch, the head of the church in Constantinople, capital of the Eastern Roman Empire, or Byzantine Empire. The two main points of disagreement involved the position of the pope and his prerogatives, and the doctrine known as the Filioque clause, in the Nicene Creed.

In 1054, the papal legate Cardinal Humbert excommunicated the patriarch of Constantinople, Michael Cerularius, for obstructing an alliance between the Byzantine emperor and the pope. Cerularius retaliated by excommunicating the cardinal and so caused the final schism between the Eastern (Orthodox) Church and the Western (Roman Catholic) Church.



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? Mentioned in ? References in classic literature
 
During the course of these troubles, the emperors of Blefusca did frequently expostulate by their ambassadors, accusing us of making a schism in religion, by offending against a fundamental doctrine of our great prophet Lustrog, in the fifty-fourth chapter of the Blundecral (which is their Alcoran).
, the hermetic symbolism, with which Nicolas Flamel played the prelude to Luther, papal unity, schism, Saint-Germain des Prés, Saint-Jacques de la Boucherie,--all are mingled, combined, amalgamated in Notre-Dame.
There had been a schism among the Chosen People a few months before, some of the younger members of the Church having rebelled against the authority of the Elders, and the result had been the secession of a certain number of the malcontents, who had left Utah and become Gentiles.
 
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