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staurolite

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staurolite

Silicate mineral, (Fe,Mg)2(Al,Fe)9Si4O20(OH)2. It forms brown crystals that may be twinned in the form of a cross. It is a useful indicator of medium grade (moderate temperature and pressure) metamorphism in metamorphic rocks formed from clay sediments.



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The metamorphosed alteration zones are characterized by the presence of various combinations of anthophyllite, cordierite, garnet, staurolite, biotite and/ or andalusite.
Different kinds of mineral alterations taking place in the Devonian sequence during post-sedimentary processes have been studied: formation of authigenic leucoxene, anatase, apatite, pyrite, and goethite, dissolution of garnet, staurolite and kyanite, replacement of magnetite, amphiboles, titanium-bearing minerals and feldspar, formation of authigenic overgrowths of detrital feldspar grains (Kleesment & Paap 1978; Kleesment 1984, 1998).
The researchers identified a speck of the mineral staurolite in a South African diamond.
 
 
 
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