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receptor
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receptor

In biology, receptors are discrete areas of cell membranes or areas within cells with which neurotransmitters, hormones, and drugs interact. Such interactions control the activities of the body. For example, adrenaline transmits nervous impulses to receptors in the sympathetic nervous system, which initiates the characteristic response to excitement and fear in an individual.

Other types of receptors, such as the proprioceptors, are located in muscles, tendons, and joints. They relay information on the position of the body and the state of muscle contraction to the brain.
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Bronchopulmonary stretch receptors (influenced by Hering-Breuer receptors) that are located on the smooth muscle of intrapulmonary airways, gauge the depth of a breath and attempt to regulate alveolar overinflation.
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Cough is caused by stimulation of irritant receptors in the central airways and/or stretch receptors in the distal airways or the lung interstitium.
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