synchrotron
Particle accelerator in which particles move, at increasing speed, around a hollow ring. The particles are guided around the ring by electromagnets, and accelerated by electric fields at points around the ring. Synchrotrons come in a wide range of sizes, the smallest being about 1 m/3.3 ft across while the largest, the Large Hadron Collider, is 27 km/17 mi in circumference. The Tevatron synchrotron at Fermilab is some 6 km/4 mi in circumference and accelerates protons and antiprotons to 1 TeV.
The European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) opened in Grenoble, France, in September 1994, funded by £400 million from 12 European countries.
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