translation

In biology, alternative name for protein biosynthesis. The term ‘translation’ emphasizes the aspect that the genetic information encoded as a sequence of nucleotides in DNA and in messenger RNA is ‘translated’ into a sequence of amino acids in a peptide chain, according to the rules of the genetic code. See also transcription.

translation

In mathematics, the movement of a point, line, or shape along a straight line. Translations may be combined with rotations and reflections.

For example:

The triangle A'B'C' is a translation of triangle ABC. All the points on triangle ABC have been moved the same distance.

The amount and direction of a translation can be described using vector notation. In the example, the vector for the translation would be:

that is, a translation of 3 squares right and 2 squares up.

The translation of A'B'C' to ABC would be described as:

that is, 3 squares left and 2 squares down.

translation

In literature, the rendering of words from one language to another. The first recorded named translator was Livius Andronicus, who translated Homer's Odyssey from Greek to Latin in 240 BC.