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unions and associations - events| 18 March 1834 | UK | Labourers from Tolpuddle in Dorset, England (the ‘Tolpuddle Martyrs’), are sentenced to transportation to the colonies for forming a lodge (local branch) of the British socialist Robert Owen's Grand National Consolidated Trades Union. | | 1864 | UK | The (First) International Working Men's Association is founded in London, England, by the German philosopher, economist, and social theorist Karl Marx to coordinate the activities of workers' associations worldwide. | | c. 1869 | USA | Philadelphia tailor Uriah S Stephens founds the Noble Order of the Knights of Labor, a national labour organization committed to cooperative enterprise, equal pay for men and women, and an eight-hour day. | | 1908 | United Kingdom | Sir Robert Baden-Powell founds the Scouts, a religious youth organization, in Britain, and publishes the magazine Scouting for Boys. | | 1910 | United Kingdom | Sir Robert Baden-Powell and his sister Agnes found the Girl Guides, a sister movement to the Scouts, in Britain. | | 1931 | USA | In the USA, union membership declines to 3.3 million, down from a high of 5 million in 1920. | | 2 May 1933 | Germany | Trades unions are suppressed by the Nazi government in Germany. | | 16 July 1934 | USA | The first general strike in the USA takes place in San Francisco, California, with workers out in sympathy with stevedores. | | 1 May–3 November 1943 | USA | A lengthy coal-miners' strike takes place in the USA. | | 21 November 1945–13 March 1946 | USA | United Auto Workers at the General Motors plant in Detroit strike for 113 days before gaining better wages and benefits; the strike is the first sign of post-war labor trouble. | | 15 March–12 April 1948 | USA | Over 200,000 US coal miners strike for more generous pension benefits. They return to work on April 12 after the United Mine Workers union president, John L Lewis, reaches an agreement with mine operators. | | 3–5 August 1981 | Poland | The Solidarity trade union movement blockades Warsaw city centre in Poland in protest at food shortages. |
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