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work and unemployment - events| 1775 | UK | King George III orders women and young children out of the British coal and salt mines. Many children were under eight years old but worked the same ten to twelve-hour days as the women. | | 29 May 1871 | UK | Bank holidays are introduced in England, Wales, and Ireland, with the first on Whit Monday (the first Monday after Pentecost). | | 19 May 1921 | USA | The University of Chicago announces that the average college graduate earns $5,762 per year after ten years of work. | | 3–12 May 1926 | United Kingdom | A general strike in Britain in support of the striking coal miners paralyses the country. | | 1938 | USA | The Fair Labor Standard Act is passed in the USA, limiting working hours and confirming statutory minimum wage and overtime rates. | | 1940 | USA | US unemployment stands at 8 million: this represents 14.6% of the population. | | 1941 | UK | Unemployment is virtually eliminated in the UK. | | December 1943 | UK | A system of balloting National Service boys to provide extra manpower in coal mines is introduced in the UK. In 1944–45, 21,000 ballotees, popularly known as ‘Bevin boys’, after Ernest Bevin, Minister of Labour, worked in the mines. | | September 1957 | USA | The US Labor Department announces that the average factory worker earns $2.08 per hour or $82.99 per week. | | 1960 | USA | The US Xerox Corporation markets the Xerox 914 copier, which can make 23 × 35.5 cm/9 × 14 in copies on ordinary rather than coated paper. It begins a revolution in the office. | | 19 May 1974 | Northern Ireland | A Protestant general strike begins in Northern Ireland against the power-sharing executive created by the Sunningdale Agreement of 9 December 1973. | | 6 December 1977–24 March 1978 | USA | One of the longest strikes in the history of the US coal industry ends when miners receive higher wages and more generous benefits. | | 3 March 1985 | UK | A National Union of Mineworkers (NUM) delegates' conference in Britain votes to return to work without a formal settlement of the pit strike. | | 1991 | UK | In the grip of the longest recession since the 1930s, unemployment in Britain stands at 2.5 million and house repossessions at 80,000 for the year. | | 1999 | UK | The new UK minimum wage of £3.60 per hour, announced in June 1998, comes into effect. |
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